What Is BS6 ? Expalined !

Hello Everyone, 

The Bharat Stage 6 norm has been implemented in India from 1st April,  now every vehicle which is to be sold in market comes with the Bharat Stage 6 norm compliant engine.

A government of India has taken an initiative towards the green environment and reduce CO2 percentage the new Pollution Norm is made compulsory.

Mahindra Trucks ATS Layout

There is difference between BS6 fuel and existing BS4 fuel is that the BS6 fuel contains 5 times fewer sulphur traces (10 parts per million) compared to BS4 (50 ppm). NOx (Nitrogen Oxide) level will be brought down by a staggering 70% for Diesel engine and 25% for Petrol Engines.

I have Experienced all Hindustan Petroleum Fuel Stations across all over India are ready with BS6 fuel.

So what is new in the BS6 Engine and what is the technology used to emit cleaner emissions from Tail Pipe.

 

BS6 Tail Pipe Layout for DIesel Engine

·        BS-VI will definitely be going to bring a drastic change in the automotive market in India.

We will get more fuel efficient and very low emission producing vehicles in near future. Downsizing and down speeding will yield smaller and powerful engines. Diesel vehicles will get more expensive as they required more after treatment to stay clean. This will attract OEMs towards alternative fuels and hybrid technologies.

Indian driving speeds are less than European driving speeds, hence it is difficult to achieve temperature which is necessary to operate particulate filter. Hence domestic tire-I and tire-II suppliers have great opportunity to innovate new engine technology and emission control technology suitable to Indian driving conditions.Through all these efforts people can ensure significant reduction in air pollution from automobiles. This will bring remarkable improvement in air quality in highly populated cities as automobiles are main source of air pollution in cities.

To achieve emission limits specified in BS-VI ample amount of engine electronics will required. This will enhance business of domestic and MNC automotive electronic suppliers. Vendors and engineering solution providing companies for Eco testing, fuel system testing and emission testing are also going to benefit a lot.

The BS6 brings along a plenty of changes, most significant being the mandatory OBD (Onboard Diagnostics) for all vehicles, right from motorcycle upto Trucks.

Introduction of DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) and SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) for Diesel engines even in cars which will be having extra AdBlue/Diesel Exhaust Fluid Tank.

Also, Some OEM can fit Digital Data Recorder Devices as a Standard Fitment in their Vehicles which will help Manufacturer to Understand Driving Patterns and Real time Performance of Vehicles.

Regeneration Pattern will be different from OEM to OEM.

 

ATS Layout and Architecture
Source : Tata Motors

WHAT WILL BE THE NORMS AND PERCENTAGE OF POLLUTANTS?

Petrol Engine Emissions:

·         HC - NO change 

·         NOx - 25% Reduction than existing

Diesel Engine Emissions:

·         HC + NOx - 43% reduction in BS6

·         NOx - 68% reduction

·         PM - 5-Fold reduction.

How do BS6 Diesel Engines work?

The SCR unit reduces NOx by converting it into two harmless products – nitrogen and water vapour. SCR, which is housed in BS6 diesel engines, uses AdBlue or diesel exhaust fluid to minimize NOx emissions. AdBlue is roughly composed of two parts de-ionized water and one-part urea. When AdBlue comes in contact with exhaust gases formed as a result of combustion, the urea gets converted to carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ammonia, produced under the influence of catalysts in the SCR core, converts NOx into water vapour and nitrogen.

WHAT WILL BE CHANGED IN POWERTRAIN?

1. In CRDI Engine it will be with Variable Geometry Turbocharger.
2. Highly Complicated engines with advance Variable Geometry Turbocharger and Sensors.
3. EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) + SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) both will be compulsory.
4. For Nitrogen Oxide NOX Control: SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) System (Closed Loop) must be used.
5. PM (Particulate Matter) Control: DOC (Diesel Oxidation Catalyst) + DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) will be used.
6. Ammonia slip catalyst.
7. Three-way Catalyst.

Functions:

1. Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC): 

·         Formation of NO2 for CRT effect in DPF.

·         Catalytic Combustion of Hydrocarbons for regeneration.

2. Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF):

·         Separation of Soot and Ash.

3. Hydrolysis Catalytic Converter:

·         Evaporation of AdBlue.

·         Mixing with Exhaust Gas.

·         Conversion of AdBlue into Ammonia NH3 and CO2

Some ATS Layout of OEMs

Tata Motors Commercial Vehicle Switchback Layout

Tata Motors Commercial Vehicles In-Line Layout